Robocall, spam text and Do-Not-Call class actions brought under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act — the federal law that sets damages at $500 per illegal call or text. Below: the settlements you can still claim, the open investigations taking new cases, and the closed matters kept for reference.
That is its own claim, separate from every settlement on this page. The TCPA sets damages at $500 per illegal text, and up to $1,500 per text where a court finds the violation was willful. Attorneys are reviewing these cases now, and screenshots are all you need to start.
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No claim form exists in these matters yet. An investigation is a law firm reviewing individual claims; a filed complaint is an allegation the court has not ruled on.
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The settlements below are provided for reference only. Claim deadlines have passed or payouts have already been distributed. You can no longer file a new claim in these matters.
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The Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. § 227, is the federal statute Congress passed in 1991 to rein in telemarketing. It restricts calls made with an automatic telephone dialing system, calls that deliver an artificial or prerecorded voice, marketing faxes, and — because the FCC and the courts read "call" to include SMS — marketing text messages. A separate section of the rules, 47 C.F.R. § 64.1200, carries the Do-Not-Call provisions that most consumer cases are built on.
Four fact patterns produce most of the class actions on this page. Marketing calls or texts sent to a number listed on the National Do-Not-Call Registry, where the sender has no established business relationship and no written consent. Prerecorded or artificial-voice calls, including ringless voicemail drops, placed to a cell phone without consent. Autodialed marketing messages sent without the prior express written consent the rules require. And messages that keep arriving after the recipient opted out — replying STOP revokes consent, and prior consent stops mattering the moment it is revoked.
Carriers recycle phone numbers. When a number is disconnected and later assigned to someone new, any consent the previous subscriber gave to receive a company's marketing messages does not travel with the number. The new subscriber never agreed to anything, so texts that were lawful yesterday become unsolicited today. The FCC maintains a Reassigned Numbers Database that callers can query before sending, and several settlements — including the O'Reilly Automotive settlement above — require the defendant to start using it as part of the deal. Reassigned-number classes are usually much smaller than ordinary marketing-text classes, which is why per-person recoveries in them can run into the hundreds or thousands of dollars.
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The TCPA is one of the few consumer statutes with fixed statutory damages, which means a plaintiff does not have to prove any financial loss to recover.
| Scenario | What the statute or a settlement provides |
|---|---|
| Individual claim, ordinary violation | $500 per violating call or text |
| Individual claim, knowing or willful violation | Up to $1,500 per call or text, at the court's discretion |
| Class settlement, large class | A pro rata share of a fixed fund — commonly $20 to $200 per person |
| Class settlement, small or reassigned-number class | Sometimes several hundred to several thousand dollars per number |
The gap between the statutory figure and a typical class payout is arithmetic, not a trick. A class covering half a million phone numbers would carry statutory exposure far beyond what most defendants could pay, so the parties negotiate a fund and split it among everyone who files. That is also why the advertised per-person estimate on a settlement page can move: until the claims period closes, nobody knows how many valid claims will share the fund.
TCPA settlements are usually built from the defendant's own calling records, so the administrator already knows which numbers are in the class. That produces two common filing models. In the first, the administrator mails or emails a Claim ID, Notice ID or PIN and the online form will not open without it — no screenshots, but no filing either if the notice never reached you. In the second, the settlement lets any class member attest under penalty of perjury that they received the messages, with no code required. Each settlement page on this site states which model applies, and this site treats a required administrator-issued code as proof, because a class member who never got the notice cannot file without it.
Bringing your own individual claim is different. There the evidence is yours to supply: screenshots showing the message text, the sender, and the timestamp, plus a screenshot of the STOP reply if you sent one. Carrier records and phone backups can sometimes reconstruct deleted messages.
TCPA: The Telephone Consumer Protection Act, 47 U.S.C. § 227 — the federal statute behind every case on this page.
National Do-Not-Call Registry: The FTC-operated list of numbers that telemarketers may not call. Most Do-Not-Call claims require the number to have been registered for at least 30 days before the messages arrived.
Prior express written consent: The signed, disclosed agreement the rules require before a company may send autodialed or prerecorded marketing to a cell phone. Consent can be revoked at any time, including by replying STOP.
Reassigned number: A phone number a carrier has given to a new subscriber. Consent given by a prior holder does not transfer.
Ringless voicemail: A message dropped straight into voicemail without ringing the phone. Courts have treated these as calls for TCPA purposes.
Statutory damages: A fixed per-violation amount set by statute — $500 here, or up to $1,500 for willful violations — recoverable without proving out-of-pocket loss.
Pro rata: The method used to divide a fixed settlement fund among valid claimants, which is why a class payout is usually far below the statutory figure. See our plain-English explainer on pro rata distribution.